Bibliography

“A 30 años del primer grito punk: recordamos a Los Violadores.” Todo Noticias, 31 Dec. 2013, https://tn.com.ar/musica/noticias/2013/12/31/a-30-anos-del-primer-grito-punk-recordamos-a-los-violadores/.
“A History of Brazil’s Black Punk Scenes.” OkayAfrica, 3 Oct. 2016, https://www.okayafrica.com/black-punk-brazil-scene/.
Alan Garcia | Biography & Facts | Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alan-Garcia. Accessed 28 Oct. 2022.
“Alice Bag.” Alice Bag, https://alicebag.com. Accessed 10 Dec. 2022.
alice_bag. English:  An Early 1980s Photo of En:Alice Bag in the New Romantic Fashion Style, with Lace Gloves, Heavy Make-up and a Pompadour Hairstyle. 23 Oct. 2012. https://www.flickr.com/photos/alicebag/5322796154/sizes/l/in/photostream/, Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:New_Romantic_photo_shoot.jpg.
author, Unknown authorUnknown. Español:  Los Saicos Tocando En Vivo Para La Televisión, circa 1965. circa  date QS:P,+1965- -00T00:00:00Z/9,P1480,Q5727902 1965. Munster Records, Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Los_Saicos_en_televisi%C3%B3n_vivo_directo_%2765.jpg.
BERRÍOS-MIRANDA, MARISOL, et al. “HAZLO TÚ MISMO (‘DO-IT-YOURSELF’, O DIY), AÑOS 1980–2000.” American Sabor, University of Washington Press, 2018, pp. 202–63. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvcwn778.9.
CMTV. “CMTV - Biografía de Los Violadores.” CMTV, https://www.cmtv.com.ar/biografia/show.php?bnid=191&banda=Los_Violadores. Accessed 28 Oct. 2022.
“Cólera | Listen and Stream Free Music, Albums, New Releases, Photos, Videos.” Myspace, https://myspace.com/coleraoficial. Accessed 9 Dec. 2022.
“Commission of Inquiry: Peru 86.” United States Institute of Peace, https://www.usip.org/publications/1986/08/commission-inquiry-peru-86. Accessed 11 Dec. 2022.
“Davis Won’t Appeal Prop. 187 Ruling, Ending Court Battles.” Los Angeles Times, 29 July 1999, https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jul-29-mn-60700-story.html.
Dead Fish - Sausalito (Clipe Oficial). Directed by Dead Fish, 2017. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i8lPEm6z5aA.
Dead Fish - YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/@deadfishoficial/about. Accessed 10 Dec. 2022.
Demolición - Los Saicos. Directed by Los Saicos Oficial, 2016. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bIwDtPErh-M.
El Salvador – CJA. https://cja.org/where-we-work/el-salvador/. Accessed 28 Oct. 2022.
Equipo Nizkor - Report of the UN Truth Commission on El Salvador. http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/salvador/informes/truth.html. Accessed 28 Oct. 2022.
España, Ministerio de la Presidencia Gobierno de. Español:  El Presidente de Perú Alan García En Visita Oficial al Presidente Del Gobierno de España Felipe González. 30 Jan. 1987. Felipe González recibe al presidente de Perú, Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alan_Garc%C3%ADa_%281987%29.png.
“Fea.” Blackheart, https://blackheart.com/fea. Accessed 29 Oct. 2022.
Fea “Mujer Moderna” OFFICIAL MUSIC VIDEO - YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fv4yHCASirU&feature=emb_title. Accessed 11 Dec. 2022.
File:March Against Prop 187 in Fresno California 1994 (35487931435).Jpg - Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:March_Against_Prop_187_in_Fresno_California_1994_(35487931435).jpg. Accessed 10 Dec. 2022.
Gilmore, Mikal. “Chuck Berry: Farewell to the Father of Rock.” Rolling Stone, 7 Apr. 2017, https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/chuck-berry-farewell-to-the-father-of-rock-118589/.
Hermes, Will. “Why Sister Rosetta Tharpe Belongs in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.” Rolling Stone, 13 Dec. 2017, https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/why-sister-rosetta-tharpe-belongs-in-the-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-123738/.
“Le Butcherette’s Teri Suarez Still Angry, Even without the Pig’s Head.” Los Angeles Times, 24 May 2014, https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-et-ms-le-butcherettes-20140525-story.html.
LEUSEMIA - ASESINO DE LA ILUSION. Directed by alesvideos, 2007. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_pDqGYOGkR0.
LÓPEZ, MARISSA. “¿Soy Emo, Y Qué? Sad Kids, Punkera Dykes and the Latin@ Public Sphere.” Journal of American Studies, vol. 46, no. 4, 2012, pp. 895–918. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/23352470.
Los Crudos - We’re That Spic Band Live - Show in Pilsen - YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wa8bcDq9kbQ&feature=emb_title. Accessed 11 Dec. 2022.
Los Peyotes - 96 Lagrimas. Directed by LOS PEYOTES, 2007. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ik1kiXHSRm4.
Los Violadores - Biografía. http://www.lahistoriadelrock.com.ar/ban/banl33.html. Accessed 28 Oct. 2022.
---. http://www.lahistoriadelrock.com.ar/ban/banl33.html. Accessed 28 Oct. 2022.
Lovitt, Bryn. “Le Butcherettes Are Caked in the Blood of Mexico: An Interview with Teri Gender Bender.” Vice, 13 Sept. 2015, https://www.vice.com/en/article/rpyznb/le-butcherettes-interview-a-raw-youth.
Ltd, Bobek. Holly, Valens, Big Bopper Free Stock Photo - Public Domain Pictures. https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/en/view-image.php?image=281826&picture=holly-valens-big-bopper. Accessed 9 Dec. 2022.
Machetres: Latin Punk Rock Artists (Interview and Performance). Directed by Smithsonian Education, 2013. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzHjsCkf6pI.
Magendra. Español:  Los Violadores a Mediados de Los 80. (De Izquierda a Derecha, Robert “Polaco” Zelazek, Gustavo “Stuka” Fossa, Enrique “Pil Trafa” Chalar y Abajo, Sergio Gramática. 1985. Del Suplemento Sí! de Clarin, Argentina., Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Losvioladores80.jpg.
McNeil, Legs. “Question Mark & the Mysterians: The Making of ‘96 Tears.’” Vice, 26 Feb. 2014, https://www.vice.com/en/article/jmbpdd/question-mark--the-mysterians---the-making-of-96-tears.
Movimiento Anti-Emo Queretaro. Directed by Blood1087, 2008. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5kcYt-AYRXg.
“NAFTA and the USMCA: Weighing the Impact of North American Trade.” Council on Foreign Relations, https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/naftas-economic-impact. Accessed 28 Oct. 2022.
Nast, Condé. “Martin Sorrondeguy on Los Crudos’ Reissues and Latino Punk History.” Pitchfork, 10 June 2015, https://pitchfork.com/thepitch/791-martin-sorrondeguy-on-los-crudos-reissues-and-latino-punk-history/.
O’Boyle, Michael. “The Mexican Emo Wars.” NPR, 16 Apr. 2008. NPR, https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=89683601.
Operation Condor. http://www.cels.org.ar/especiales/plancondor. Accessed 9 Dec. 2022.
Operation Condor: All Major Missions and Events [1968–1989] - YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFl0qie_1go. Accessed 11 Dec. 2022.
Operation Condor: Officials of Amnesty International Targeted for “Liquidation” | National Security Archive. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/southern-cone/2016-12-14/operation-condor-officials-amnesty-international-targeted-liquidation. Accessed 9 Dec. 2022.
“Peruvian Punk Documentaries: El Grito SubterrÁ¡neo y Lima Explota.” MAXIMUM ROCKNROLL, 25 Sept. 2012, https://www.maximumrocknroll.com/peruvian-punk-documentaries-el-grito-subterraneo-y-lima-explota/.
Punk - Museum of Youth Culture. 3 Dec. 2019, https://museumofyouthculture.com/punk/.
Question Mark & The Mysterians - 96 Tears. Directed by 60s70sVintageRock, 2011. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7uC5m-IRns.
QUESTION MARK & THE MYSTERIANS-96 TEARS. Directed by JOSE LUIS H, 2008. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qc69zr_5uH4.
racosta1@mlive.com, Roberto Acosta |. “Musician Question Mark Backs Suspended Burton Student, Provides Hair Care Tips.” Mlive, 3 Feb. 2012, https://www.mlive.com/news/flint/2012/02/musician_question_mark_backs_b.html.
Radio, Southern California Public. “The Rise of Trap Girl: South Gate’s Trans Punk Diva.” Southern California Public Radio, 12:31 700, https://archive.kpcc.org/programs/offramp/2017/06/16/57332/the-cinderella-story-of-trap-girl-s-trans-front-wo/.
Records, Cameo Parkway. English:  “96 Tears” by ? (Question Mark) and the Mysterians; One of Side-A Labels of the US Vinyl Single Release. 1966. https://www.discogs.com/-The-Mysterians-96-Tears/release/15930426, Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:96_Tears_by_(Question_mark)_and_the_Mysterians_US_vinyl.png.
Rockin Las Americas: The Global Politics Of Rock In Latin/o America. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2004. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt9qh62v.
RockSkaPunkMetal. English:  Los Saicos in 1965. 1965. UnknownUnknown, Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saicos_in_1965.jpg.
SanTana Band Tozcos Puts It Down for Their City via Mexican Hardcore Punk – OC Weekly. https://www.ocweekly.com/tozcos-is-the-santana-punk-band-the-city-deserves-8521420/. Accessed 10 Dec. 2022.
Sheffield, Rob. “‘I Majored in Mouth’: How Little Richard Invented the Rock Star.” Rolling Stone, 9 May 2020, https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/little-richard-tribute-rob-sheffield-996849/.
Silberberg, Jacob. A Punk Wears a Mohawk Style Haircut. JSTOR, https://jstor.org/stable/community.12132047. Accessed 22 Sept. 2022.
States, David Prasad from Welches, OR ,. United. A Roll of Film from 1994 - Previously Scanned and Posted Here, but with Some of the Images Missing. 23 June 2017. March Against Prop 187 in Fresno California 1994, Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:March_Against_Prop_187_in_Fresno_California_1994_(35101699180).jpg.
---. A Roll of Film from 1994 - Previously Scanned and Posted Here, but with Some of the Images Missing. 23 June 2017. March Against Prop 187 in Fresno California 1994, Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:March_Against_Prop_187_in_Fresno_California_1994_(34646766994).jpg.
---. A Roll of Film from 1994 - Previously Scanned and Posted Here, but with Some of the Images Missing. 23 June 2017. March Against Prop 187 in Fresno California 1994, Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:March_Against_Prop_187_in_Fresno_California_1994_(35487931435).jpg.
The Bags- Survive - YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ivDsKQtou_w. Accessed 11 Dec. 2022.
“The Mexican Emo Wars.” Day to Day, directed by Michael O’Boyle, NPR, 16 Apr. 2008. NPR, https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=89683601.
The Mexican Emo Wars : NPR. https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=89683601. Accessed 10 Dec. 2022.
The New Punks of Los Angeles - The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/03/style/new-punks-los-angeles.html. Accessed 10 Dec. 2022.
THE PLUGZ “In The Wait” (Live). Directed by TNB WFS, 2015. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ol7yBgY7A_8.
The Very Latinx History of Punk. Directed by AJ+, 2019. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PSyo1zd9jcw.
“The Zapatista Movement: The Fight for Indigenous Rights in Mexico.” Australian Institute of International Affairs, https://www.internationalaffairs.org.au/news-item/the-zapatista-movement-the-fight-for-indigenous-rights-in-mexico/. Accessed 29 Oct. 2022.
Thurber, Maria. Research Guides: A Latinx Resource Guide: Civil Rights Cases and Events in the United States: 1994: California’s Proposition 187. https://guides.loc.gov/latinx-civil-rights/california-proposition-187. Accessed 29 Oct. 2022.
Trap Girl - “Ivory Handle” | LIVE @ Bootleg Theater 8/9/19. Directed by TRAP GIRL, 2020. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdpYnyyfx1U.
Vex | One Archives. https://one.usc.edu/archive-location/vex. Accessed 9 Nov. 2022.
Was Punk Rock Born in Peru? - Los Saicos - Noisey Specials. Directed by Noisey, 2013. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsdTKQb6o6Q.
Wayback Machine. 16 June 2007, https://web.archive.org/web/20070616093730/http://wbln0018.worldbank.org/LAC/LACInfoClient.nsf/d29684951174975c85256735007fef12/026efe204f018bc885256f40006d1901/$FILE/TradeNote18.pdf.
WireTap Magazine - Screaming Our Thoughts: Latinos and Punk Rock. 27 Sept. 2007, https://web.archive.org/web/20070927211201/http://www.wiretapmag.org/stories/9674.
Writer, ERIC BRACE Washington Post Staff. “Machetres: Cutting Edge Latino Punk.” The Washington Post (1974-), 11 Dec. 1998, p. 10. ProQuest, https://www.proquest.com/docview/1620370498/abstract/D63A4FED57B49ACPQ/1.
Zavella, Patricia. “Beyond the Screams: Latino Punkeros Contest Nativist Discourses.” Latin American Perspectives, vol. 39, no. 2, 2012, pp. 27–41. wrlc-gm.primo.exlibrisgroup.com, https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X11428061.
민족학교 Korean Resource Center. Proposition 187 Protest 1994-10-16. photo, 6 Oct. 2005. Flickr, https://www.flickr.com/photos/krcla/2854994164/.